The article, ‘The Psychology of Prejudice: Ingroup Love or Outgroup Hate?’, written by , from the , Fall of 1999 has helped increase people’s understanding of minimizing prejudice in such a way that it integrates and implies certain areas of understanding prejudice and how it can be reduced in such ways. There are researches presented and explanation of related and expiremented studies that will cater people and the society to have a precise assumption of prejudice and that it should be avoided as much as possible particularly when it involves individual in forms of groups.
The article then, utilizes the ideas of some proponents that contribute positive reality of how prejudice be lessen among in groups and out group cycles of diverse personalities and attitudes. For instance, there is recognition that attachment to certain in groups does not require hostile situations towards the outgroups as discussed by Allport. It is imperative to have enough understanding as to what are the roots of prejudice and be able to determine that, there is a need for a balanced judgement among in-group formation and its respected identification.
Moreover, there is a clear organization of imperative points crucial for the awareness of reducing the presence of prejudice as there assumes love and hate of both group types, there is presentation of factors pointing towards the composition of prejudice by means of definition and definite examples as reflected in various research investigation as supported by appropriate theories of the matter. Like, there is discussion of such ingroup-outgroup attitudes along with validity of certain presumption as debating facts that ingroup favoritism and outgroup prejudice can be separable phenomena and identification and attachment to ingroups is independent of conflicts.
Furthermore, the context of the article has mentioned that people must first come to a better understanding of how and why ingroups are formed and why individuals exhibit ingroup loyalty, identification and attachment in the first place. Many discriminatory perceptions and behaviors are motivated primarily by the desire to promote and maintain positive relationships within the ingroup rather than by any direct antagonism toward outgroups. Ingroup love is not a necessary precursor of outgroup hate. However, the very factors that make ingroup attachment and allegiance important to individuals also provide a fertile ground for antagonism and distrust of those outside the ingroup boundaries.
There is focus for the need to justify ingroup values in the form of moral superiority to others, sensitivity to threat, the anticipation of interdependence under conditions of distrust, social comparison processes and power politics as there conspire to connect ingroup identification and loyalty to disdain and overt hostility as intergroup relations would be a shift of focus from single ingroup-outgroup distinctions to have understanding about psychology of group identities and its implications for intergroup perception and attitudes as it can be the individual attitude, parallel to antagonisms with respect to social objects will then reduce incidence of prejudice situations given the idea of not to deny the pervasiveness and significance of outgroup hate being a factor for social conflicts.
Aside, there reflects that such act of prejudice will be dealt by means of single set of dynamics that function to dehumanize people who are identifiably different in some way from the people whose perceptions are limited by prejudice dysfunction The ideas relating to the stereotypes as there maybe less opportunities to test the group types and that when situations come up, the groups can possibly behave automatically out of the stereotyped learning.
Therefore in order to behave within the decided beliefs, it can be true that one must devote fair amount of time and attention to the situation and then apply the decision and one person must be aware of the cues and indicators that it can be such circumstance wherein the rule does apply such as concentration and responsiveness as it does not provide the opportunity for the later decided belief system to come into use. Although, certain in group and out group behavior seemed automatic and prejudiced in spite of the non belief of the prejudice but there can entail conditions that do not get people’s full attention or conditions where they are not fully aware of the other person’s group membership and will result in a prejudicial response from one’s knowing as this is one way of understanding why individuals saying, they are not prejudiced but when tested has behaved in prejudiced ways.
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