Socio-Cultural Factors that Contribute to the Spread of HIV/Aids in Tanzania
Background of the Study and Problem Statement
When the issue of sex is stated on the paper, the main idea that came to mind is childbearing. It became risky when it arrived in the pubescent age. There are clinically findings that reveals on the fact that when a person is sexually driven or can be easily arouse, therefore, he or she has a psychological problem which is sometimes lead to the undesirable behaviors. The rapid changing of sexual partner is not good and in this case, the idea of HIV or AIDS became once again popular. Although there are medical assessment that tells that HIV/AIDS can be transferred through the needle sharing or an accidental needle-stick (SFHIV, 2004). Sex is the center of the study can’t avoid touching the areas of childbearing, psychological behaviors, and sexual diseases. However, the focus will be on the people despite knowing that they are HIV-positive or aware that their partner is HIV-positive, still having the unprotected sex.
Purpose of the Study
The research is supported by the four core objectives. The first purpose of the paper is to help reduce the spread of HIV and STDs through the awareness and promotion of safe sex and medical examinations. The second is to help the HIV-positive people achieve and maintain the physical, emotional, sexual and reproductive health and well-being. The third purpose of the paper is to assists the people who are unaware that they are the carrier of HIV diseases. And the fourth is to push the campaign for the developmental phase of an advanced cure for the HIV/AIDS-positive patients.
Review on Literature
There is a high risk behavior in unprotected sex. Meaning, there is an action or behavior that increases the individual’s probability of acquiring or transmitting the HIV/AIDS. It is seen on the people who have multiple partners and injecting drugs. A person who is also under the influence of alcohol is also at risk in obtaining or spreading the disease because there is an effect on an individual’s ability to make decisions such as safer sex. Also, the women are identified to be more prone or vulnerable to HIV/AIDS based on the three factors – epidemiological (getting married at young age), physiological (female anatomy), and socio-cultural factors (rape or molestation) (Parekh, 2008). The sexually transmitted infections can be easily transmitted to through the vaginal sex. Meanwhile, the other form of sexual intercourse can also deliver the infections (NAM, 2003).
When a woman is declared as child-bearer and recognizes the existence of the HIV/AIDS in her bloodstream, there is a great risk that the transmission of the disease may be passed on the baby, more specifically when the partners are both HIV positive. But beside from the sexually transmitted disease, there are other infections that can be passed on the each partner during the unprotected sex (AFAO, 2001; NAM, 2003). Meanwhile, unsafe sex is also popular in the community where there are shifting of norm through the existence of gay men and lesbians and can be also the carrier of diseases (Maguen and Armistead, 2000; SFHIV, 2004).
HIV infections, in the context of clinical studies, have the number of stages. Therefore, it is important that the HIV treatments should be developed according to its progression before the damaging of the immune system that can cause AIDS or illness. However, there are a small number of people that can live with HIV in a long time and there are available pills that can support or help prolong the life of the HIV-positive individuals. When a person recognized his condition with sexually transmitted infections, there is a great effect in the life of a person and most of them are negative impacts. An individual should seek the medical attention and the doctor will be the most important person in their decision making (AFAO, 2001).
Methodology
The applied the two methods of research and both served as the engine of the study. The first method is the interview which covers the demographics of the participants such as the gender, age, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. They were interviewed according to the privacy of their own and asked about their sexual history, the identified risk and outcome, and the present sexual status. The second method is the case-study method which is also used in analyzing the risk involved in the revelation of the participants that were engaged and/or currently engaged in unprotected sexual intercourse.
References:
AFAO, (2001) “What You Need to Know If You Are New to HIV”, Positive Living Australian Federation of AIDS Organizations, Accessed 16 December 2010, from http://www.afao.org.au/library_docs/positive_living/pl_nov_02.pdf
Maguen, S., & Armistead, L., (2000) “Prevalence of Unprotected Sex and HIV-Antibody Testing among Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Youth”, The Journal of Sex Research, 37(2)
NAM, (2003) “Unprotected Sex”, National Association of Manufacturers, Accessed 16 December 2010, from http://www.hawaii.edu/hivandaids/Unprotected%20Sex.pdf
Parekh, A., (2008) Dealing with the Headline “She came and spread AIDS”, Gender Sensitive Reporting, HIV/AIDS Reporting Manual. Kaiser Family Foundation, Assessed 16 December 2010, from http://www.kff.org/hivaids/upload/7408-02.pdf
SFHIV, (2004) “Community Assessment”, HIV Prevention in San Francisco, Accessed 16 December 2010, from http://www.sfhiv.org/files/plan_2004/2004_plan_ch_3.pdf
Credit:ivythesis.typepad.com
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