Introduction
It is fairly clear that an understanding of how people express their emotions and what these expressions mean is important and sometimes essential for normal social interaction. Most people are extremely interested in what others think and feel about them, and they watch others’ behavior closely (at least in the initial encounters). Many friendships have developed because positive feelings have been inferred. Other relationships have been strained, broken, or even terminated because of misinterpretations of expressive gestures and behavior. While many of human would like to bypass the normal channels of verbal and nonverbal communication and simply read each other’s minds, we obviously cannot and are forced to make attributions about emotions on the basis of cues that are often unclear, ambiguous, or even deceptive.
Although an understanding of how emotions are expressed will not allow people to read minds, it will allow making the best use of the only immediate information available — expressive behavior. People may still be wrong in judgments of other people. But at least will people more aware of how the judgments were made and better able to correct our impressions when provided with new information.
Basically, this chapter discussed in detail the research proposal on the relationship between body language and emotional expressions as an expression of the frustration or satisfaction of intrinsic or extrinsic needs. In particular, this research focused on identifying the empirical evidence that body language and emotional expressions are variables that directly affects the frustration or satisfaction of an individual in intrinsic or extrinsic needs. In this chapter, the related literature, context and theme of the study are presented” the objectives of the study and the research statement are formulated. Here, vital concepts, questions and assumptions are stated. Finally, the scope and limitations of the study and its significance are also discussed.
Background of the Study
Individual often use strong language not to express a powerful emotion but to evoke it in others. Basically, emotions are caused by one’s thoughts. It is triggered by one’s thoughts and programmed by one’s thoughts. Emotional expression is often treated as an aspect of verbal and nonverbal communication. People can use words to tell others how they feel, but they also convey emotions through their tone of voice and through nonverbal channels such as touch, facial expressions, body movements, and posture. The idea that emotions are deliberately communicated to others through expressive behavior can be misleading, but it provides a convenient starting point from which to define terms and limit the area of discussion.
A minimal model of communication consists of a messenger, a message, and a recipient. Emotional expression is concerned with the messenger and the message. The recipient of the message is the focus of a special area of social psychology known as person perception. Person perception is concerned with the one who receives the message and factors leading to or preventing an accurate interpretation of the information. Although expressive behavior and person perception can be viewed as different aspects of a single process of communication, the emphasis in the present work is primarily on expressive behavior and, more specifically, emotional expression.
One of the major problems associated with emotional expression is that few behaviors are concerned exclusively with emotions. Behaviors usually have a multitude of meanings in which the emotional aspect is only one component. Eye contact, for example, is used during speech to regulate the back-and-forth flow of conversation, but it also expresses interpersonal attitudes such as hostility and attraction. Language is used to communicate ideas, but it also includes features that express the speaker’s feelings about the message, the conversation, and the person being addressed. A person’s facial expression, body stance, and posture provide information about relatively stable characteristics (such as social status, occupation, and personality) as well as more temporary states such as emotion and mood. Even instrumental acts such as walking or closing a door may have expressive overtones. Not only are many messages being expressed simultaneously but the same behavior often has several meanings. Emotional messages may predominate in some encounters (such as fighting or love making) but they are frequently subsidiary to other messages occurring at the same time.
Actually, engaging in discussions and arguments about books, literature and other works is a very common form of expression or human interaction, something human beings routinely carry out for pleasure in public conversations or read about in the newspapers. Basically, it stems from a human desire to engage imaginations in other people’s visions of the world, to discuss them with others, and to evaluate them, especially in conversations.
On the other hand, people think of body movements as communicative events, most of individuals are likely to get rather dramatic in their fantasies. A phrase that comes readily to mind is “body language,” and there has even been a book from the popular press with that phrase as its title (Fast, 1970). The topic has everything: the hope of reading the romantic intentions of one’s girl- or boyfriend, the adventure of outsmarting a shrewd salesman, the sure thing of predicting the next move of a poker-faced gambler, the surprise of “reading through” the white lies of one’s friends, the advantage of knowing what a prospective employer wants to hear.
Everybody knows, of course, that these fantasies are fantasies, that nobody can make an individual invisible and listen in on forbidden conversations. And yet there is a lot of truth in the notion that people communicate in many different ways, by words, by tone of voice, by facial expressions, by body movements, by the use of the physical space between one person and another, even by certain psychophysiological responses like blushing and speed or depth of breathing. We are constantly reading each other, or trying to, using all the information we can get, and we can get it from a lot more sources than just the words that pass between us. Basically, there are many other communication media, such as facial expressions, and the principles by which this research is organized are general ones and could be applied to those behaviors as well.
According to Bandura (1986, 1997) people regulate their behavior by rewarding themselves when they meet standards and by withholding rewards or administering punishments when they do not. The motivational effects of goals, then, derive primarily from the anticipation of these self-administered rewards. Bandura also suggested that these performance standards are socially influenced and argued that the observation of model self-reinforcement fosters the transmission of these standards from model to observer. Given the research on observed self-reinforcement, it would follow that actually observing the self-reinforcement behavior of the model would enhance the effect of the model performance.
Purpose of the Study
Generally, the purpose of the research is to examine the relationship of body language and emotional expression to the expression of frustration or satisfaction of individuals intrinsic and extrinsic needs. The research will also conduct a phenomenological method of interviews and surveys with subsequent thematic analysis of the data from which the researcher could get information and empirical evidence from the academe. Moreover, this study would review relevant literature on the same topic. Based on the preliminary review of literature, the researcher assumed that self efficacy and human performance are correlated.
Objective of the Study
The study will attempt to prove if one can make a difference between the various kinds of motivation and between the satisfaction and frustration of a motivation based on expressions. Basically, this paper aims to study the impact of body language and emotional expression to the expression of frustration or satisfaction of individuals’ intrinsic and extrinsic needs by reviewing related articles and conducting survey and interview to knowledgeable individuals such as teachers, students and psychologists.
The primary objective of this study is to examine and determine the perception of teachers, students and psychologists regarding the topic. To address this objective, the researcher explores the nature of emotions, frustrations, satisfaction and human behavior.
The objectives of this study will be to:
1. Identify the factors in that body language and emotional expression.
2. Determine if respondents’ perception about frustration or satisfaction of individuals’ intrinsic and extrinsic needs are directly related to his/her body language and emotional expression.
3. Determine if body language and emotional expression have significant effect to human behavior.
Apparently, a survey is conducted to the teachers, students and psychologists. An interview takes place to know the factors affecting human body language and emotional expression. Finally, this research comes up with pertinent findings and provides insightful recommendations for the progress of the academe.
Research Question and Null Hypothesis
The focus of this problem is to establish and determine the relationship of body language and emotional expression to the expression of frustration or satisfaction of individuals intrinsic and extrinsic needs. Currently, there are limited studies that provide definitive answer regarding the topic. The researcher is hopeful that this research will yield significant result in terms of correlation of body language and emotional expression to expression of frustration or satisfaction of an individual. Thus, the study will work on the following hypothesis “Expression of frustration or satisfaction of individuals’ intrinsic and extrinsic needs has significant relationship to his/her body language and emotional expression.”
This study will attempt to answer the following questions:
Significance of the Study
This study will be a significant endeavor in determining the patterns of body language and emotional expressions as an expression of frustration or satisfaction. Moreover this research will provide recommendations on how to improve and evaluate the behavior of an individual. Actually, this study seeks to contribute to the literature by conducting a study involving the students, teachers and psychologists by assessing the patterns of body language and emotional expressions. Furthermore, by examining the effects of frustration or satisfaction to an individual, the researcher aims to validate the claim by other researchers that body language and emotional expressions is significantly related to effects of frustration or satisfaction received by the individual.
In general, there were three sustainability factors to consider and they are the individual’s development and engagement, environmental focus and socio-economic development. In determining the pattern of body language and emotional expression of an individual, one must be aware of the factors and these will serve as guide in determining human behavior and feelings.
Scope and Limitation of the Study
This study will determine the various challenges that self efficacy and human performance had encountered. These challenges will be discussed and analyzed. This study will also gather pertinent data. Challenges and problems in the field of education
References:
Bandura, A. ( 1986 ). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Bandura, A. ( 1997 ). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freeman.
Fast, J. (1970). Body language. New York, NY: MJF Books.
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