PART I.
In the reading practice, the following can be used:
a. Oral recitation – reading lines from famous poems, stories, rhymes, quotations, songs, etc. – could be done in unison, per group or individual
In the listening practice, the teacher can used the following:
a. Oral recitation – reading lines from famous poems, stories, rhymes, quotations, songs, etc. – could be done in unison, per group or individual
b. Listening to recorded materials/voices – popular songs or video karaoke
PART II.
1. The following case is observable among Japanese speakers. The three examples of the same error in different contexts (e.g. as a statement) with different tenses is identified.
a. (In Japanese) – Kare wa sore o Tanaka-san ni agemasita.
(Literally rendered into English) – [He] [that] [Mr. Tanaka] [gave].
(In Correct English Form) – He gave that (to) Mr. Tanaka.
b. (In Japanese) – Kare wa gakusei desu.
(Literally rendered into English) – He student is/am/are.
(In Correct English Form) – He is (a) student.
c. (In Japanese) – Watashiwa asita ikimasu.
(Literally rendered into English) – I tomorrow go.
(In Correct English Form) – [I will] go tomorrow.
2. The articles “a”, “an”, and “the” of the English vocabulary do not have Japanese equivalent. If, for example, you want to refer to a book in Japanese, you don’t have to say “a book” or “the book”. You just say hon (book). There are no plural forms in Japanese. Whether you refer to the equivalent of “a book” or “many books“, the word used is always hon. A listener understands on the basis of context whether what is being referred to is singular or plural in number. There are no possessive forms of nouns or pronouns in Japanese. If you want to say “Mr. Tanaka’s book”, you simply speak the possessive particle no after the words for Mr. Tanaka and then follow it with the word for book.
3. These practical activities could be use in the classroom for the purposes of overcoming the MT influence among the students.
a. Activity One. Everyone in the class is instructed to do a self-introduction. With this simple practice, they can be able to try and use English in the right way then translate it from their MT.
b. Activity Two. Have a set of cards with objects, fruits, places, etc. Then, instruct each student to pick a card and to say 3 sentences that will describe what they see in the card. For example,
· This is a banana.
· Its colour is yellow.
· It tastes sweet.
c. Activity Three. The teacher will write few sentences showing how Japanese would say it and literally rendered into proper English. Ask the class to write the right answer. For example,
· This book is. – This is (a) book.
· Automobile by I will go. – I will go by (an) automobile.
· I book will read. – I will read (the) book.
PART III.
1. Teaching the different ways fast is used in the following sentences:
He has a fast car.
He drives fast.
In this case, I will begin with the discussion by describing what is an adjective and an adverb. By using and presenting several examples, the students might be able to grasp the concepts. Also, I will show some pictures that will supplement my explanation.
ACTUAL DISCUSSION
Adjective – The adjective describes or limits the meaning of a noun. For example, if I tell you to get a pencil, you may get any kind of pencil. But if I say a red pencil, I describe the pencil and limit the kind that you can bring. The word red, which describes and limits pencil is an adjective.
Adjectives describe or limit the meaning of nouns and pronouns.
In other words, they modify nouns and pronouns.
Adjectives describe nouns.
Examples: high mountains, stout boy, wide sky, pure water
In the case of the sentence above, FAST is the adjective that describes the car.
Adverb – Adverbs are words that tell how, when, and where. For example, in the following sentences:
How – They eat well. How did they eat? They eat well. The adverb describes how they eat – well.
Examples: She spoke softly.
I will choose quickly.
He read fast.
When – My father will arrive tomorrow. When will your father arrive? My father will arrive tomorrow. The adverb describes when will my father arrive – tomorrow.
Examples: We will go now.
She needs the pencil today.
Mother cooked yesterday.
Where – You go there. Where will you go? You go there. The adverb tells where you go – there.
Examples: Work here.
He went nowhere.
We look for Anna everywhere.
Adverbs modify adjectives and other adverbs.
In the case of the sentence above, the word fast is used in describing how he drives.
2. The following are practical exercises/activities for to test the understanding of the students on the difference of fast as an adjective and as an adverb.
Activity 1. Identify the adjective and the adverb in the sentence. Encircle the adjective and underline the adverb.
1. The black cat is sleeping.
2. She is very lovely.
3. We heard him quite well.
4. The desert has fine sand and wide skies.
5. Exams will be tomorrow.
6. The mouse run fast.
7. Stephen is a fast messenger.
8. I am a fast learner.
9. The students learn the lesson fast.
10. We will watch the fast fireworks exhibition.
Note: Blue words – adjectives
Red words – adverbs
Activity 2. Match Columns A and B below. Read them aloud and find out which groups of words communicate using adjective and adverb.
Column A Column B
Juniper drinks this book.
I love high mountains.
I want to climb pure water.
We listen here.
Stand intently.
The boy fast reader.
Annie is a eats fast.
Nobody will among them fast sprinter.
The horse is a work fast.
I will run fast.
Answers:
Juniper drinks pure water. – Adjective
I love this book. – Adjective
I want to climb high mountains. – Adjective
We listen intently. - Adverb
Stand here. – Adverb
The boy eats fast. – Adverb
Annie is a fast reader. – Adjective
Nobody will among them work fast. – Adverb
The horse is a fast sprinter. – Adjective
I will run fast. – Adverb
Note: Blue words – adjectives
Red words – adverbs
Activity 3. Fill in the blanks with the word fast and identify if it is an adjective or adverb.
1. Lily works _____.
2. My dog runs _____.
3. I am a _____ worker.
4. The _____ cat caught the mouse.
5. We will walk _____.
6. Red Cross is a _____ humanitarian provider.
7. The new motorcycle runs _____.
8. Andy drives the new motorcycle ______.
9. We hate the _____ transformation of events.
10. I will walk _____ because I am in a hurry.
Answers:
1. Adverb
2. Adverb
3. Adjective
4. Adjective
5. Adverb
6. Adjective
7. Adverb
8. Adverb
9. Adjective
10. Adverb
Credit:ivythesis.typepad.com
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