Self – Leadership
Introduction
For every economy and for every market, the environment workplace and the morale of the employee are the major factors in the success of the business. Most of the managers as well are only focus on the sales and to the marketing and they did not even notice the importance of the people that filling up the position and the things that they can do in the development of the business (Precht, n.d).
Research shown that the additional workforce motivation will contribute in the increase of the innovation and in the production of the company. Aside from that, it also contribute in the in the enlargement of the creative and logical problem solving, it will decrease the turnovers and reduce the absenteeism. Therefore, in order for the company to alleviate its circumstances regarding the employee management it should have to ignite the passion of the intrinsic motivation. Aside from that, it should also have to maintain the right and healthy business environment and atmosphere. The company should provide as well a tools and training for the proper work management and for the growing places. It is also important for the company to be aware on the sensitivity of the morale of the employees so that it will have to come up in the best result of producing quality suggestions.
There are many motivation practices that the company can do in order to have a better working atmosphere and a better income return. One of these motivations is the self – leadership which is the process of self influencing whereas the people can achieve the self direction and its own motivation which is necessary to perform (Manz and Neck, 2004). It is also coincides with the cognitive strategies and specific behaviors that are designed to positive influence leads to the personal improvement. This is commonly categorized as natural reward strategies, behavior focused strategies, and constructive pattern strategies.
Looking deeply self-leadership is the commitment and the capacity of having to take the full responsibilities for self responses to the life as creating a meaningful life (Campbell, 2001). It is therefore the development of one’s “leader within” that can be out (Self-Leadership Coaching, 2006). Therefore the self-leadership also plays an important role in the development of the business and in the construction of a positive atmosphere.
Theoretical Concept on Self Leadership
The self-leadership strategies can operate in the entire theoretical framework of the self regulation (Clark, 1996). This also operates in the broad theoretical framework of the self-regulation which shows how behavior happens that will be use in the understanding of the behavior. It prescribes specific cognitive and behavioral strategies which are commonly designed for the enhancement of the affectivity of the individual self-regulatory.
The self leadership strategies can also enhance the self regulatory as increasing the self awareness as well as increases the self-focus. In this manner, it will increase the focus on the task and in the performance of the task. It will also gain to have a positive self-goal setting. Regarding the self goal and its process, the individual will increase the effectiveness of the elf regulatory with the aide of the joint effort of the better performance and the openness for improvement. Lastly, the self-punishment, the self reward, and the self-cueing are all have potential enhancement of the self-regulations. In this regard, the objective is said to be meaningful it is attainable and at the same time it is valuable (Carver and Scheier, 1998). The self leadership strategies as in the mental imaginary and self talk can definitely increase the level of self efficacy. It also said to be the major determinant on the performance and on the confidence expectancies that has the probability to lead in the effective self-regulation as well as the increase in the performance.
Generally, the self – leadership can be developed and learn. It is also an interesting manner in the construction and in the relation to the attainment of the goal. In the corporate setting, the self leadership suggests that it is the most effective way in facilitating these strategies including the self-goal, the self-observation, and the self-reward. The topic on the self leadership had been diverse for the past years and it can be related to the topic on the performance appraisal, spirituality in the workplace, in the total quality management, in the organizational change, in the self leading team and in the entrepreneurship. Part of the contextual setting as well are the satisfaction on the job, the non-profit management, the goal performance or the goal setting, the performance of the team and its sustainability.
Criticism on the Self-Leadership
The self-leadership had been criticized by most of the authors due to its broadness and its redundancy. This consists of set of strategies which are commonly broad yet they are useful in the personal effectiveness personally. Most of the strategies as well regarding the self-leadership are come on the theories on self-leadership and motivation. It had also been said that most of the concept of the self leadership are merely came from the repackaging of the individual differences. It also questioned on the extent on its distinguishable and its uniqueness in connection to the related personality and motivational constructs. Most of the critics then suggest that self-leadership had been overlap to the other theories on the motivation and had not noticed that it is a normative model and not a deductive nor a descriptive theory.
Difference of Self-leadership to the other Motivations
There are many people who need to push or to have given a complement in order to have a better performance in the company. These pushing techniques done by most of the managers are the so called motivation practices. There are many motivational practices one can have to choose in order for his employees to have a better performance and best output. These motivations are essential for the business so that it will have to succeed as well as to survive. Many of the motivational practices are then being practice for the past years. These includes the positive reinforcement, the treatment of the people in the fair way, the effective discipline and punishment, satisfying the needs of the employees, restructuring the jobs, setting the work related goals, and the base reward which are commonly on the job performance. For these practiced motivations, what is the edge or the difference on the one kind of motivation which is self-leadership motivation? Is the self-leadership has significance over the other motivation practices? Is advantageous to the entire company? These are some of the questions that should given a solution in order to have a better way on the proper motivating the employees.
There are many differences between the self-leadership and the other motivational practices as the positive reinforcement. In the positive reinforcement, the consequences is known to be the dependent in the behavior and it is more likely to occur and it is also the more precise way in the employee controlling behaviors. It likely of reward that will given by the manager to its employees. On the other hand, the self-leadership is the just the motivation of oneself without any dependent variables. The reward also was came to its own mind and it is being directed him to its goal. The praise and the other rewards also came within itself and not by the other people nor to the incentives or to the rewards.
The fairness on the treatment to the employees is also major factor in motivating the employees due to the fact that it will have a good reputation and it will be the primary factor for keeping the employees a much desirable. In this manner, to compare it to the self-leadership they have differences as the self-leadership is often declare to work on its own within and not to compete to the other employees and therefore fairness is not an issue.
The restructuring of the job is also one of the important sources of motivating the employees. According to Herzberg, in the job enrichment theories, this technique will give satisfaction to the individual. This will also encourage for the personal goal accomplishment. In this manner as well, it gives the people the greater involvement as well as the satisfaction in their respective work so that it will increased the efficiency that is being achieved on the involvement on the lower job. In this manner, the structure of the ones job depends to himself and not supported by the other people, in self leadership only shows that person can manage and can structures its normal setting of the work which was characterized by its goal.
The discipline and the punishment is the plays a major role as well in the development in motivating the employees. In this regard, the employee will value on what is taken away or the fears which are being threatened. The employees then, will see the sanctions as consistent yet fair. And finally, it will acknowledge and respect into the manager’s right of imposing those sanctions. In this regard, the employees will take an alternative perspective which will be an option to every employee to learn. On the contrary, in the self-discipline, it simply implies that the behavior and the leader trait has only less impact on the subordinate behavior.
Employee needs satisfaction simply the made the motivational practices be achievable. In this scenario, including in the employees want and needs are having good pay, the security on the job, the growth and promotion, the working conditions, and so forth. In the needs the employees will work hard and will give its best upon receiving this things. Looking deeply, the self-leadership is accepting the idea that employees are the one which motivates their own.
The Elements of the Self-Leadership
There are five (5) major elements of the self-leadership as the personal goal setting, the constructive thought pattern, the designing of the natural rewards, the self-monitoring, and the self reinforcement.
In the personal goal setting, the employees are being set by their own goals and they apply it in the effective practices of the goal setting. In the constructive thought pattern includes the positive self-talk which talk of himself in the context of the thoughts and or actions and lead to the advancement of the self-efficacy. The mental imagery is also one of the importances of the self-leadership which practice by the mental task and being visualize the completion of the successful task. In relation to the designing of the natural rewards, it simply finds ways on the job proper for the motivation as the altering of the task that is being accomplished and its way. The self monitoring is also one of the elements of the self-leadership that will keep that track on the development in the context of the self-set goal. This will look of the feedback which are occurring naturally and designing the artificial feedback. The self-reinforcement is the final element of the self-leadership. This simply implies of taking the reinforcer after the completion of the goal which is self-set. The example of this one is watching the movie right after writing section in the report and starting a task which is commonly fun after the completion of the task which one does not like.
The Self-Leadership Model
The self-leadership is the ability of the subordinate to have its own motivation. This is also commonly known as the “substitute” for the leadership. The interactions of the leader-subordinate are the major part in the promotion of the self-leadership in its subordinate through the reinforcement and modeling (Sims, 1987). The self-leadership is also a component of the in group script. One of the key factors also to strengthen the self-leadership is with the aide of the social categorization process. The leader traits as well only have a least impact on its perspective in the extent of the presence of the self-leadership.
As the self-leadership is interpreted in the term of the social cognitive, then it has definitely had an influence on the subordinate which can be seen in the leadership. The influence is not directly occurs. In the leader behavior through the leadership perception which the subordinate is being internalized, then it also affects in the degree of the engagement which is involved in the self-leadership. The self-leadership then can be seen as the solution on the sequence of the social interaction. The model has only a single episodes, and therefore has relative effect on the influence of the leader’s identification.
Sometimes, the self-leadership and the intrinsic motivation had been characterized as similar. But, looking further, the concept of the self-leadership extend in the natural rewards, rather it result in the task and in the performance of the on the activity on itself. Additionally, these natural rewards are primarily based on the intrinsic motivation. In accordance to the self-leadership, the range whereas the activities as well as the task are being chosen, perceived and structured for the increased competence and feelings as well as the task performance and self-determination are being enhanced.
The self-leadership is merely a learned behavior and not a fixed trait. Its proponents as well are commonly ignored individual and personality differences factors. In this manner, the personality traits are not related to the effectiveness of the self-leadership. This has also no relationship as well in the mental imagery and performance of the individual.
The Predictable Outcome of the Self-Leadership
In the self leadership, it can predict several outcomes or the association of the self-leadership strategies and its application to the corporate word. Part of the forecasted result that the company is looking forward are the independence, the commitment, the trust, the creativity or the innovation, and the positive effect, the potency, the job satisfaction, self-efficacy and the psychological empowerment. The outcome of this strategy can then be affected the individual, the group as well as the performance of the organization. The commitment and the independence of the employees are due to the engaging in the self leadership over the task and in the process work. The employees also became creative and innovative as part of the appropriate and useful ideas as well as the implications of the creative concepts. The trust and the team potency also developed due to the facilitation of the effective team and internal leader. The positive effect and the job satisfaction also the outcome of the self-leadership due to their enthusiasm regarding the work they are into that made them to be satisfied on the field where they are currently belong. The self-leadership also is being proclaimed as the major mechanism when it comes to the empowerment through the creation of the purpose, meaningfulness, competence, and self-determination.
Finally, the employees are the major foundation for the business and they are also the major asset that is why they should be properly trained and give them importance.
Example of Self-Leadership Elements and Application
In the working of mine it has also been practice the concept of the self-leadership, on of the example if the use of the pattern includes the positive self-talk which talk of himself in the context of the thoughts and or actions and lead to the advancement of the self-efficacy. This is the time wherein one of my colleagues is telling to himself that he can better that what our co worker had done. He is also kept on telling to himself that his work can be improved. His performance also can be improved and the output of the his can be develop. That’s was the power the mind and its self leadership. The positive self-talk lead my colleague to the better outlook and to perform well. This self-talk also is his bridge towards the better perception and enthusiasm.
Another example of the self-leadership is the self-reinforcement. This simply implies of taking the reinforcer after the completion of the goal which is self-set. The example of this one is watching the movie right after writing section in the report. This is another colleague that giving herself a break after the writing several sections in her work. In this regard, he can relax for a while and can worker harder for the next report due to the fact that the movie relieves its stress and made him unwind for even for awhile. In this manner after the goal of another report had been set out or done, then it self reinforcer made her a move for the movie to watch. This self motivation made her realized that the break needs in her work.
Bibliography
Lord, R and Maher K 1993, Leadership and Information Processing: Linking Perception and Performance, Routledge
Neck, C and Manz C 2006, Mastering Self Leadership: Empowering Yourself for Personal Excellence, Pearson/Prentice Hall
Neck, C. 2006, Self Leadership, Emerald Group Publishing
Employee Motivation Theory and Practice 2008, Accel Team, viewed 05 February, 2008
http://www.accel-team.com/motivation/index.html
Motivating Employees 2001, 16types.com, viewed 05 February, 2008
http://www.16types.com/Request.jsp?lView=ViewArticle&Article=OID%3A400632
Self-Leadership: Portal to Freedom, Foundation of Success 2001, Unite Media Group Inc. Campbell, viewed 05 February, 2008
http://www.thinkavenue.com/articles/hr/article14.htm
Credit:ivythesis.typepad.com
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