Title
The working title of the research is initially drafted as: Perception of University Students on Contraceptive Use in Ghana. This paper will present a proposal to research and explore the different factors which affect the perspectives of the students in terms of contraceptive use in Ghana. In addition it will show the different approaches, instruments and methodologies that will be used in order to implement the study successfully in the future.
Background of the Study/Literature Review
Unwanted pregnancy, abortion, HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases are among of the different impact of lack of knowledge of younger people – particularly those in University setting about having safe sex. Even though HIV/AIDS has less influence in Ghana compare to other nations in Sub-Saharan Africa, statistics showed that the prevalence of the said disease is increasing in the general public of the country. It is important to take note that those University students are more prone towards having multiple partners and no using contraceptives such as condom; they are more prone towards many sexually related problems (Karim et al., 2003).
Aims and Objectives
The main aim of the study is to analyze the perception of the students in Universities on use of contraceptives in Ghana. In line with this, the following are the specific objectives of the study:
· To evaluate the knowledge of University students about the use of contraceptives;
· To assess the knowledge of University students about the advantages of using contraceptives, together with the risk related on not using it;
· To analyze the behavior of the University students in using contraceptives, and how they apply it in real life.
Methodologies
The research study to be used in the proposed study will be descriptive method. According to Creswell (1994) it intends to present facts about the nature and status of a situation as it exists at the time of the study. In addition, it also concerns with the relationships and practices that exist, beliefs and processes that are ongoing, effects that are being felt or trends that are developing (Best 1970). Therefore, it can be helpful in order to describe the current conditions and situations based on the impressions and perceptions of the respondents of the study (Creswell 1994). Both qualitative and quantitative data will be gathered for this study. This is to ensure that both non-statistical and statistical data will be used in order to support the findings and result of the study.
Data Collection
Surveys will be implemented in the study. Surveys are the most common form of research method for collection of primary data (Commonwealth of Learning, 2000). One of its purpose is to describe, e.g., to count the frequency of some event or to assess the distribution of some variables such as proportion of the population of different age groups, sex, religion, castes and languages, knowledge, attitude and adaption of practices about particular issues, and other information of similar nature about the population (Commonwealth of Learning, 2000).
Survey interview and questionnaire will be used in this study, which will be used in order to gather primary data. On the other hand, secondary data will be gathered from different online libraries and databases which include BMJ, EMERALD, SCIENCE DIRECT, EBSCO, QUESTIA and GOOGLE BOOK.
Sample Population
The target population is 1000 University students in Ghana. They will be selected via convenience sampling.
Data Analysis
The data results of the study will be analyzed by determining their corresponding frequency, percentage and weighted mean. The following statistical formulas will be used:
1. Percentage – to determine the magnitude of the responses to the questionnaire.
n
% = ——– x 100 ; n – number of responses
N N – total number of respondents
2. Weighted Mean
f1x1 + f2x2 + f3x3 + f4x4 + f5x5
x = ———————————————;
xt
where: f – weight given to each response
x – number of responses
xt – total number of responses
References
Best, J. W. (1970). Research in Education, 2nd Ed. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, Inc.
Commonwealth of Learning. (2000). Manual for Educational Media Researchers: Knowing your Audience. Vancouver, Canada: Commonwealth Educational Media Centre for Asia (CEMCA).
Creswell, J.W. (1994). Research design. Qualitative and quantitative approaches. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage.
Karim, A. M., Magnani, R., Morgan, G. and Bond, K. (2003). ‘Reproductive health risk and among unmarried youth in Ghana’. International Family Planning Perspectives. 29(1). Retrieved 27th November, 2010, from www.guttmacher.org/
Credit:ivythesis.typepad.com
good work
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